Evidence and sources

Measurements

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Big picture numbers

Structures

• 1XCK
  Apo GroEL tetradecamer

  Wild-type apo GroEL at 2.92 A. It is the start state for every cage-opening morph. X-ray diffraction, 2.92 Å.
• 1OEL
  Apo GroEL heptamer, T state

  The apo heptamer used as fit reference for the cryo-EM ATP states, so numbering matches them. X-ray diffraction, 2.8 Å.
• 4AAQ
  GroEL-ATP7, Rs1 state

  First step after ATP binding. It starts the morph series to the GroES-bound cage. Electron microscopy, 8 Å.
• 4AAR
  GroEL-ATP7, Rs2 state

  Second step of apical-domain motion, same chain numbering as the other ATP states. Electron microscopy, 8 Å.
• 4AAS
  GroEL-ATP7, Rs-open state

  The open state that can hold substrate and still dock GroES. Electron microscopy, 8.5 Å.
• 1AON
  GroEL-GroES-(ADP)7 bullet

  The folding chamber itself. It is the end state of the cage-opening morph. X-ray diffraction, 3 Å.
• 1SVT
  GroEL-GroES-(ADP-AlFx)7

  Traps the hydrolysis step inside the capped cis ring. X-ray diffraction, 2.808 Å.
• 1KP8
  GroEL with ATP analogue in all 14 subunits

  High-resolution view of the nucleotide pocket with K+ and Mg2+ in place. X-ray diffraction, 2 Å.
• 4PKO
  GroEL-GroES2 football

  Shows that both rings can carry GroES at the same time. X-ray diffraction, 3.84 Å.
• 2CGT
  GroEL with phage co-chaperonin gp31

  A natural cage-size variant: gp31 builds a larger chamber than GroES. Electron microscopy, 8.2 Å.
• 1G31
  Phage T4 gp31 heptamer

  The lid part on its own, for comparing GroES and gp31 geometry. X-ray diffraction, 2.3 Å.
• 4PJ1
  Human mitochondrial HSP60-HSP10 football

  The human group I chaperonin, for a species comparison with GroEL. X-ray diffraction, 3.15 Å.
• 1A6D
  Archaeal thermosome, group II chaperonin

  A group II chaperonin that closes with its own apical lid and needs no GroES. X-ray diffraction, 2.6 Å.

References

1. 1Braig et al., Nature 1994
2. 2Xu et al., Nature 1997
3. 3Rye et al., Nature 1997
4. 4Rye et al., Cell 1999
5. 5Burston et al., Journal of Molecular Biology 1995
6. 6Todd et al., Science 1994
7. 7Weissman et al., Cell 1995
8. 8Weissman et al., Cell 1996
9. 9Clare et al., Cell 2012
10. 10Clare et al., Journal of Molecular Biology 2006
11. 11Tang et al., Cell 2006
12. 12Sakikawa et al., Journal of Biological Chemistry 1999
13. 13Kerner et al., Cell 2005
14. 14Hunt et al., Cell 1997
15. 15Ditzel et al., Cell 1998
16. 16Nisemblat et al., PNAS 2015
17. 17Yang et al., PNAS 2013
18. 18Wang et al., Cell 2002
19. 19Hayer-Hartl et al., Trends in Biochemical Sciences 2016
20. 20Horwich et al., Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics 2009
21. 21Bartolucci et al., Journal of Molecular Biology 2005
22. 22King et al., Nature 2014
23. 23Bale et al., Science 2016
24. 24Hsia et al., Nature 2016